They filter waste products from the bloodstream, regulate fluid balance, help control electrolyte levels, and contribute to blood pressure regulation.
When kidney function deteriorates suddenly, the condition is known as acute kidney injury.
Acute kidney injury can develop for several reasons, including severe dehydration, reduced blood flow, certain medications, toxic exposures, and serious infections.
Foodborne illness may contribute through more than one mechanism.
Severe dehydration
Vomiting and diarrhea can cause the body to lose substantial amounts of water and electrolytes.
If fluid losses become severe, blood pressure may fall and the kidneys may receive less blood than they need to function normally.
A person who is repeatedly vomiting and unable to drink may become dehydrated surprisingly quickly.
Early symptoms may include thirst, dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, and reduced urination.
More severe dehydration can require intravenous fluids and hospital monitoring.
Infection-related kidney complications
Some pathogens can cause problems beyond the digestive system.
